Mass shootings. War. A near-coup in the U.S. Lingering COVID cases. Another looming public health crisis. The continuing fight for justice, and so much more. All of this bad news popping up on our smartphones and TV screens every day has many of us feeling unsettled and unsafe. We barely have time to recover from one collective trauma before we face the next one. This feeling of unease is compounded for Black folks because we also live with the daily reality that we could be the targets of racially motivated discrimination and violence.

As “strong Black women” we may be tempted to ignore these feelings which may create anxiety and depression, and instead try to “push through.” This is what we’ve seen many of our mothers and grandmothers do. Our ancestors had to persevere against formidable odds. Their strength and endurance is how they survived, creating opportunities for the next generation. But that ability to keep on keepin' on has come at a price to their physical, mental and spiritual health and well-being. Today, we can release that SBW stereotype.

We don’t have to be strong in the face of extraordinarily difficult events, and more of us are starting to recognize that. In my practice, I am receiving more inquiries from Black people – Black women in particular – who are ready to process their experiences and emotions. That is a clear break from the past when we avoided counseling because of stigma and false ideas about what it means to be strong. 

And in recent years, high-profile athletes like Simon Biles and Naomi Osaka have presented a new model of strength. By putting themselves and their mental wellness first, they demonstrated a new way of being strong; by acknowledging that it’s okay to not be okay.

What would it mean for you to redefine strength? Like Simon Biles, it could mean setting boundaries, which is what the champion athlete did when she bowed out of some of her Olympic competitions in Tokyo. Or like Naomi Osaka -- who withdrew from the French Open and refused to endure the obligatory and sometimes disrespectful media interviews -- it meant saying no. Despite pressure and criticism, they both did what was best for them and not for others. 

A New Image of Strength

Here are some ways to reconsider what it means to be a strong Black woman.

Look for new role models. In the past, strength may have been defined by enduring a bad marriage, a toxic work environment or constantly doing for others. Instead, think about people in your life or in the public eye who you admire and who exemplify a different type of strength by being independent, by defying expectations or putting themselves first.

Connect with your feelings. Take a few minutes at the beginning or the end of every day to be still, be quiet and ask yourself, How am I feeling? Then write it down. To make things interesting, try it as a six-word memoir. We are so used to rushing through our experiences and not connecting them to how they make us feel, so it’s important to slow down and find ways to process our emotions. (If you're a Black woman who works in white spaces, this is especially important. To get support, you can sign up for my upcoming "Working While Black" group on September 20, 2022. We use literature and lyrics to explore self-love, striving, thriving and more.)

Commit to self-care. Audre Lorde called self-care a “radical act.” When you are feeling sad or overwhelmed, ask yourself what you need to feel better. It could be a call to a good friend, to take a walk outside or even to sleep. Try to avoid doing things that could make you feel worse like misusing alcohol or drugs, or binging on food, TV or social media. 

Rethink physical strength. We often think of strength as measured in physical endurance or power. But being strong can also mean being mobile and active, which generates feel-good endorphins that help lessen sadness and depression. It can also mean being flexible or having the endurance to climb stairs without getting winded.

Show yourself some grace. Don’t be so hard on yourself if it takes a while to break some old habits. Give yourself credit for coming this far in the face of enormous challenges, and recognize when you have benefitted from prioritizing your well-being. That is also a form of strength.

Picture this:  A Black woman with a natural hairstyle like twists or cornrows joins her co-workers for lunch. One of them, a white woman, reaches out to touch her hair, tossing it gently, while saying, “Your hairstyle is so pretty. How long does it take you to do that?”

The Black woman pauses, unsure how to respond to this unwanted intrusion into her physical and emotional space. She tries to think of a response that is polite yet firm. Should she say ‘thank you’ and change the subject? Or should she say, ‘As much time as it takes you to get your roots dyed blonde’?

For many Black women, having our hair touched or becoming the subject of fascination is a common microaggression. The focus on our hairstyles and incredulous tone of questions about them creates the sense that there is something abnormal or exotic about what is perfectly normal to us. Even if a comment is meant as a compliment, it can feel like a slight, a way for a privileged person to other-ize us.

Defined by Columbia University psychologist Derald Wing Sue as “everyday insults, indignities and demeaning messages sent to people of color by well-intentioned white people who are unaware of the hidden messages being sent,” microaggressions can have harmful and lasting impacts on people of color. They can also affect people based on gender identity, sexual orientation, and more. (We may also experience macroaggressions, which affect whole groups or populations, otherwise known as systemic racism.) 

Another example is the assumption we may have landed a job or promotion just because we’re Black, which suggests we’re not smart enough or could not have achieved on our own merits. When a conservative talk show host asked to see Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson’s LSAT scores, he was insinuating that her race played a part in her admission to Harvard Law School. During the confirmation hearings, when Senator John Kennedy called Brown Jackson “articulate,” it was a reminder of the many times that word has been applied to Black people as if we are not expected to be articulate despite years of education. 

How many of us have been followed around in a store while shopping? Or worse, been completely ignored by either a salesperson or fellow customer who cuts in line and says, “Sorry, I didn’t see you.” When director Jane Campion told Venus and Serena Williams while she was accepting a Critics Choice Award that they were “marvels” but did not have to compete with men as she did, she was not only wrong (they’ve played against men in tennis doubles) but she erased all of their achievements with one thoughtless comment. 

When Black women raise these issues at work or try to explain them to their white peers, we may get responses like “That’s not about race,” “I don’t see color/race” or “You’re being too sensitive.”  These comments, too, are microaggressions because they deny who we are and what we know we’re experiencing. They may cause us to doubt ourselves, question our perceptions, and hesitate to speak up again.

Day after day these insults and indignities can add up, like “death by 1,000 cuts,” causing anxiety, stress, anger, and over time, depression. These effects on our mental health can manifest as physical problems like headaches and muscle tension when we are faced with certain people or situations. The impact may be more serious if you have already experienced racial trauma, an accumulation of negative racialized experiences.

How to Manage the Microaggressions

When it comes to microaggressions you don’t have to just take them and suffer to keep the peace. Here are tips to handle them gracefully and protect your well-being. 

Don’t let even small slights slide. If a colleague or stranger reaches out to touch your hair, you are perfectly within your rights to say, “That makes me uncomfortable” or like Solange once sang, “Don’t touch my hair.” If they ask why, say something like, “It’s an invasion of my space and privacy. I wouldn’t expect to be able to touch your hair. Why do you think it’s okay to touch mine?”  It is healthy to set this boundary.

Write about it. To cope with microaggressions, it might be helpful to express your feelings in writing. Try this structured writing exercise below from psychotherapist and writing-for-healing expert Kathleen Adams to help you go deeper in exploring those feelings. 

Consider a situation or recent experience and finish each of the seven sentences stems with a sentence or two. Expect to take 10-15 minutes to complete this exercise. 

When you're done, read and reflect on your writing to explore what thoughts or feelings it brings up. Consider what surprises you or inspires you to make a change. Take another few minutes to write about your reflection.

I want to write about ... 

The first thing that comes to mind is ... 

Below the surface I find ... 

The challenge here is ... 

In order to move forward, I ... 

I can ask for help/support from ... 

My next step is ... 

Commiserate with your sister circle. Share what happened with peers who will understand and affirm your feelings. Or watch this clip from Insecure for examples of how to cope and have a good laugh at the same time. This strategy can be especially helpful when you can’t confront a microaggression because of who it’s coming from (i.e. your boss).

Consider speaking up. If a microaggression or macroaggression is really bothering you or is repeated, it may be time to take a stand. While you weigh whether to say something, ask yourself if you’ll regret not saying something.

Respond with an “I” statement. Start with “I feel _______ when you say/do this.” It may be that you simply felt uncomfortable or diminished. Keep the focus on the impact on you rather than the person’s bad behavior.

If you want to talk more about navigating microaggressions and other work-related challenges Black women face, sign up now for my Working While Black: Sisters Writing and RIsing support group on Tuesday evenings.

In recent weeks, news of high-profile acts of bullying flooded our TV screens and social media. Among them, is the outrageous disrespect that soon-to-be Supreme Court Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson endured during days of hostile questioning from opportunistic Senators, and actor Will Smith’s assault of comedian Chris Rock for telling an insensitive joke about Smith’s wife, Jada Pinkett Smith. (In this case, one might see the bully in Chris Rock as well as in Will Smith.)

But bullies menace outside of politics and entertainment, as many of us, might remember from the playgrounds of our childhood. Some of us face bullies every day – at work and even within our own families. What’s important is that you know how to spot them, and how to survive them.

A bully is someone who abuses their power to intimidate or harm another person. This abuse can be emotional or physical. A bully’s power can stem from their official position – like a senator who has the authority to deny a nominee their confirmation, a boss who has the ability to hire or fire, or an older family member or more senior member of a group – or their physical size and strength. Power can also be derived from economic or social standing, which might come from being socially savvy or perceived as popular or charismatic. Either way, the threat felt by the person being bullied is real and frightening.

A bully could be motivated by the need for attention or resentment regarding their status or the unfairness of life. Some bullies, like an intimidating boss or co-worker, may be jealous or want to rob a more vulnerable individual of a real or perceived advantage, like better skills or popularity. 

For African-Americans, bullying can be doubly harmful because it’s motivated by racism from those who resent perceived “preferences,” or who fear a loss of their status in the workplace or in society. 

Whatever the motivation, the target of bullying can experience lasting harm. Ongoing bullying can cause distress and trauma, especially if it echoes childhood experiences or family dynamics, exposing long-dormant traumas. The experience can make you fearful and avoidant, and lead to anxiety and depression among other mental health issues.  Over time, the stress from ongoing bullying can lead to physical health effects such as high blood pressure. To avoid these problems, here are some steps to stand up to the bully in your life.

• Check-in with yourself. Acknowledge what’s happening to you, how you feel about it, and how those feelings might echo feelings from your past. Does it bring up memories of being bullied as a child? Taking this step of mindfulness will help you connect today’s discomfort with earlier times when you felt vulnerable.

• Write it out. In your journal, write “I feel ________  when I have to interact with this person.” You might be feeling intimidated, small, or afraid to confront the individual or situation in a work context. Whatever the emotion, get it out on paper so you can face it. 

• Speak up. If you feel safe, consider raising the issue directly with the bully. If you’re at work, you may want to discuss it in terms of what you need to do your job effectively. Remain positive and keep the focus on how the bullying behavior affects not only you personally but also how it affects your ability to work. You may also want to write what you intend to say in advance.

• Get help. On the job, you might discuss the issue confidentially with someone in human resources. That way, you go on record as experiencing difficulty in the workplace that is affecting your ability to do your job effectively – and that HR should respond to. 

• Talk to someone. Discuss the problem with peers or a friend or a mentor outside the workplace to get advice and perspective. If you have trusted allies on the job, share the problem with them; you may find you’re not alone in suffering under a bully.

• Document, document. If the bullying is ongoing, keep a record of it, including dates, times, specific conversations, and examples of bad behavior. You may find this documentation useful if you need to get legal advice. 

• Don’t take it personally. Sometimes victims of bullying start to think that something is wrong with them. Recognize the problem lies within the bully, not you. Be compassionate with yourself.

• Consider your exit. No job is worth your emotional and physical health. If the situation does not improve and your employer doesn’t help, update your resume and start looking for greener pastures. 

• Seek mental health support. Talk to a therapist or consider group therapy to help you cope and recover. 

You do not have to accept a bully’s abuse. It may take time to change a situation, but protecting yourself is too important. By taking action, you send a message to the bully, and more importantly, to yourself, that you deserve better.